Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Sae Yoon Kim

5 Articles

Effects of early clinical and basic laboratory exposure program on premedical students: a questionnaire survey: Kyu Hyang Cho, Hyun Sook Ko, Kyung Hee Lee, Tae-Yoon Hwang, Keun-Mi Lee, Sae Yoon Kim, Min Cheol Chang; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(4):309-313. Published online July 20, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2022.00318

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Abstract PDF: Background
Because premed students do not take courses related to medicine during their first 2 years, they cannot establish their identity as students at medical schools, making it difficult for them to set goals as future doctors. We conducted an early clinical and basic laboratory exposure program for premed students and studied the effects of the program and student satisfaction levels.
Methods
We performed an early clinical and basic laboratory exposure program for premed students for 2 days and evaluated the effects of the program and student satisfaction with it. The program consisted of two types: type 1, where two to four students formed a group, which was assigned to a particular department to participate and make observations during ward rounds, outpatient clinics, examinations, procedures, and surgeries (in the case of basic laboratory work, the students partook in experimental observations); and type 2, where one student followed a medical school professor to observe the professor’s day. After the program ended, an online survey was conducted to investigate the effects on students, their thoughts, and satisfaction levels.
Results
In total, 114 students (91.2%) responded to the survey. Approximately 94% of them were satisfied with the program. They found that the program would be useful for deciding on future career paths, gaining knowledge about a department of interest, studying for a medical program after premedical studies, and befriending residents and professors in certain departments.
Conclusion
Early clinical and basic laboratory exposure programs are recommended for premedical students.

A new type of oculocutaneous albinism with a novel OCA2 mutation: Sang Yoon Lee, Eun Joo Lee, Jun Chul Byun, Kyung Mi Jang, Sae Yoon Kim, Su-Kyeong Hwang; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(2):160-164. Published online August 3, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00339

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Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of rare genetically heterogeneous disorders, characterized by hypopigmentation of the eyes, skin, and hair, which result in ocular abnormalities and a risk of developing skin cancer. Currently, there is no ophthalmologic procedure or drug that prevents the clinical features of OCA. Here, we report a new type of OCA in two, unrelated Korean families with the same OCA2 mutation. Affected individuals in this study are different from those of previous reports in two aspects: an inheritance pattern and clinical presentation. All reported patients with OCA have shown an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, while our patients showed an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Small amounts of pigment can be acquired with age in OCA, but there is no substantial variation from adolescence to adulthood in this regard. A case where the patient attained normal pigmentation levels has never been reported. However, our patients displayed completely normal pigmentation in their late twenties. Whole exome sequencing and in-silico analysis revealed a novel mutation, OCA2 c.2338G>A p.(G780S) (NM_000275) with a high likelihood of pathogenicity. Sanger sequencing of p.G780S identified the same mutation in the affected individuals, which was not found in the family members with normal phenotype. We hypothesize that OCA2 G780S not only acts as a pathogenic variant of OCA but also induces pigmentation by enhancing the melanogenesis gene expression of other modifier genes, such as SLC45A2 and TPC2. These findings may provide further understanding of melanin biosynthesis and new treatment methods for OCA.

Citations

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Novel compound heterozygous mutations in OCA2 gene were identified in a Chinese family with oculocutaneous albinism
Beilei Jiang, Hua Zhang, Yuling Kan, Xueping Gao, Zhaoli Du, Quan Liu
Molecular Genetics & Genomic Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Clinical and Mutation Spectrum of Autosomal Recessive Non-Syndromic Oculocutaneous Albinism (nsOCA) in Pakistan: A Review
Muhammad Ikram Ullah
Genes.2022; 13(6): 1072. CrossRef

Antiepileptic and anti-neuroinflammatory effects of red ginseng in an intrahippocampal kainic acid model of temporal lobe epilepsy demonstrated by electroencephalography: Ju Young Kim, Jin Hyeon Kim, Hee Jin Lee, Sang Hoon Kim, Young Jin Jung, Hee-Young Lee, Hee Jaung Kim, Sae Yoon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2018;35(2):192-198. Published online December 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2018.35.2.192

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Abstract PDF

Background
Chronic inflammation can lower the seizure threshold and have influence on epileptogenesis. The components of red ginseng (RG) have anti-inflammatory effects. The abundance of peripherally derived immune cells in resected epileptic tissue suggests that the immune system is a potential target for anti-epileptogenic therapies. The present study used continuous electroencephalography (EEG) to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of RG in intrahippocampal kainic acid (IHKA) animal model of temporal lobe epilepsy.
Methods
Prolonged status epilepticus (SE) was induced in 7-week-old C57BL/6J mice via stereotaxic injection of kainic acid (KA, 150 nL; 1 mg/mL) into the right CA3/dorsal hippocampus. The animals were implanted electrodes and monitored for spontaneous seizures. Following the IHKA injections, one group received treatments of RG (250 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks (RG group, n=7) while another group received valproic acid (VPA, 30 mg/kg/day) (VPA group, n=7). Laboratory findings and pathological results were assessed at D29 and continuous (24 h/week) EEG monitoring was used to evaluate high-voltage sharp waves on D7, D14, D21, and D28.
Results
At D29, there were no differences between the groups in liver function test but RG group had higher blood urea nitrogen levels. Immunohistochemistry analyses revealed that RG reduced the infiltration of immune cells into the brain and EEG analyses showed that it had anticonvulsant effects.
Conclusion
Repeated treatments with RG after IHKA-induced SE decreased immune cell infiltration into the brain and resulted in a marked decrease in electrographic seizures. RG had anticonvulsant effects that were similar to those of VPA without serious side effects.

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Citations to this article as recorded by

Comparative analysis of physicochemical properties, ginsenosides content and α-amylase inhibitory effects in white ginseng and red ginseng
Huairui Wang, Yao Cheng, Xue Zhang, Yingping Wang, Hui Zhao
Food Science and Human Wellness.2023; 12(1): 14. CrossRef
Robust chronic convulsive seizures, high frequency oscillations, and human seizure onset patterns in an intrahippocampal kainic acid model in mice
Christos Panagiotis Lisgaras, Helen E. Scharfman
Neurobiology of Disease.2022; 166: 105637. CrossRef
The interplay of epilepsy with impaired mitophagy and autophagy linked dementia (MAD): A review of therapeutic approaches
Siva Prasad Panda, Yogita Dhurandhar, Mehak Agrawal
Mitochondrion.2022; 66: 27. CrossRef

Urinary tract infections in pediatric oncology patients with febrile neutropenia.: Kyoo Hyun Suh, Sun Young Park, Sae Yoon Kim, Jae Min Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2016;33(2):105-111. Published online December 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2016.33.2.105

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Neutropenic fever is one of the most common and potentially severe complications of chemotherapy in pediatric oncology patients, while urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most prevalent bacterial infections in these patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate features of UTI with neutropenic fever in pediatric oncology patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed the medical records, laboratory results and image findings of cases of neutropenic fever in the Department of Pediatrics of Yeungnam University Medical Center, South Korea between November 2013 and May 2015. Episodes were divided into two groups, UTI vs. non-UTI group according to the results of urine culture. The results were then compared between groups. The analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 23.0. A p-value <0.05 was considered to indicate a significant difference between groups. RESULTS: Overall, 112 episodes of neutropenic fever were analyzed, among which 22 episodes (19.6%) showed organisms on urine culture and were classified as UTI. The remaining 90 episodes were classified as non-UTI. Only four episodes (18.2%) of the UTI group showed pyuria on urine analysis. In the UTI group, 76.5% were sensitive to the first line antibiotics and showed higher clinical response than the non-UTI group. Among hematologic malignancy patients, the UTI group revealed higher serum β 2-microglobulin levels than the non-UTI group (1.56±0.43 mg/L vs. 1.2±0.43 mg/L, p<0.028). CONCLUSION: UTI in pediatric neutropenic fever responds well to antibiotics. Hematologic malignancy cases with UTI reveal increased serum β2-microglobulin level. These results will be helpful to early phase diagnosis of UTI.

Clinical features according to chest radiologic patterns of Mycoplasma pneumonia in children.: Young Hyun Kim, Jin Hyeon Kim, Sae Yoon Kim, Young Hwan Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2016;33(2):98-104. Published online December 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2016.33.2.98

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Clinical differences in Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) in children and adolescent patients according to abnormal infiltrate patterns on the chest X-ray were compared. METHODS: From 2012 to 2015, patients (n=336) diagnosed with MP at Yeungnam University Medical Center have been classified as eiher lobar pneumonia or bronchopneumonia based on the infilterate patterns observed on chest X-ray. Cases were analyzed retrospectively for gender, age, seasonal incidence rate, main symptoms (fever duration, extrapulmonary symptoms), and laboratory results, including white blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as well as concurrent respiratory virus infection. RESULTS: The following results were observed. First, lobar pneumonia affected 22.0% of all MP patients and was the most common in preschool children, with a high incidence rate in November and December. Second, lobar pneumonia had a longer fever duration than bronchopneumonia (p<0.001), and also showed significantly higher platelets (336.8 vs. 299.1 k/µL, p=0.026), ESR(46.3 vs. 26.0mm/hr, p<0.001) and CRP (4.86 vs. 2.18mg/dL, p=0.001). Third, viral co-infection was more common in bronchopneumonia (p=0.017), affecting 66.7% of infants and toddlers (p=0.034). Finaly, lobar consolidation was most common in both lower lobes. CONCLUSION: MP in children has increased in younger age groups, and the rate of lobar pneumonia with severe clinical symptoms is higher in older children.

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